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Empresa individual
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private company with limited liability
It is the most widely used form of business formation in Germany, combining high flexibility with relatively few obligations. The process of creating a company of the GmbH type is quite simple, requiring only a single founding shareholder. The minimum capital required is €25,000, cash or other contributions are acceptable. Half of this amount, ie €12,500, must be present in the bank account at the time of company registration.
The company name must derive from the purpose of the company or from the name of the shareholder/shareholders, followed by “GmbH” or its abbreviation “mbH”. Or else, be referring to the nature of this or the name of the shareholder, followed by the GmbH.
The company name must derive from the purpose of the company or from the name of the shareholder/shareholders, followed by “GmbH” or its abbreviation “mbH”. Or else, be referring to the nature of this or the name of the shareholder, followed by the GmbH.
The company name must derive from the purpose of the company or from the name of the shareholder/shareholders, followed by “GmbH” or its abbreviation “mbH”. Or else, be referring to the nature of this or the name of the shareholder, followed by the GmbH.
To be valid, the company must be registered in the Companies Register. All managing directors of this company must personally sign the deeds to the constitution and by-laws in the presence of a notary.
entrepreneurial company with limited liability
This is not a legal form, but rather a subtype of the private company with limited liability. Therefore, it is referred to be handled by Mini GmbH. The characteristic of a GU is to have a minimum capital of €1, making this type of company more flexible. In order to compensate for this initial lack of capital, the company needs to retain a quarter of its annual profit until it has accumulated the minimum capital of a GmbH, i.e. €25,000, which can then be converted into share capital and become a GmbH.
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This type of company can be established by any individual, requiring a minimum capital of €50,000 (which must be fully subscribed by the founding shareholders). In addition, the articles of incorporation of the company must be certified by a notary.
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These founding shareholders appoint the first auditor and the supervisory board, which are recognized by the registry office, which in turn appoints the first board of directors. AG is managed by the board of directors. This is responsible for making decisions about the operational aspects of the company as well as its management.
These founding shareholders appoint the first auditor and the supervisory board, which are recognized by the registry office, which in turn appoints the first board of directors. AG is managed by the board of directors. This is responsible for making decisions about the operational aspects of the company as well as its management.
These founding shareholders appoint the first auditor and the supervisory board, which are recognized by the registry office, which in turn appoints the first board of directors. AG is managed by the board of directors. This is responsible for making decisions about the operational aspects of the company as well as its management.
These founding shareholders appoint the first auditor and the supervisory board, which are recognized by the registry office, which in turn appoints the first board of directors. AG is managed by the board of directors. This is responsible for making decisions about the operational aspects of the company as well as its management.
This type of company is not very common in Germany and combines the structures of a joint stock company (AG) and a limited partnership company (KG). Hence, it is described as a stock corporation with individually responsible shareholders rather than a board of directors.
KGaA can have an unlimited number of shareholders whose liability is limited to their capital contribution, the minimum total capital being €50,000 and a minimum of two partners, the general partner and limited shareholders. The latter have the same legal rights as the shareholders of an AG and, at least, the general partner must be the unlimited liability of the company.
KGaA can have an unlimited number of shareholders whose liability is limited to their capital contribution, the minimum total capital being €50,000 and a minimum of two partners, the general partner and limited shareholders. The latter have the same legal rights as the shareholders of an AG and, at least, the general partner must be the unlimited liability of the company.
KGaA can have an unlimited number of shareholders whose liability is limited to their capital contribution, the minimum total capital being €50,000 and a minimum of two partners, the general partner and limited shareholders. The latter have the same legal rights as the shareholders of an AG and, at least, the general partner must be the unlimited liability of the company.
This type of company is defined as an association of individuals or companies united in achieving a joint contractual purpose. Therefore, it is suitable for startups to launch their business ideas in cooperation with others.
This type of company is defined as an association of individuals or companies united in achieving a joint contractual purpose. Therefore, it is suitable for startups to launch their business ideas in cooperation with others.
If the latter takes the business in the form of a small business, it is only necessary to register at the local trade office. However, if it starts to exceed certain levels of annual turnover, capital resources, total number of employees or use of commercial accounting, the company already needs to be registered in the Commercial Register and automatically becomes an oHG.
If the latter takes the business in the form of a small business, it is only necessary to register at the local trade office. However, if it starts to exceed certain levels of annual turnover, capital resources, total number of employees or use of commercial accounting, the company already needs to be registered in the Commercial Register and automatically becomes an oHG.
This type of partnership is the most common for small and medium-sized companies and its structure is similar to the GbR. In order to establish an oHG company, a minimum of two partners is required and a partnership agreement is drawn up and this is done in writing. These partners are jointly and severally responsible for future debts that the company may incur.
This type of partnership is the most common for small and medium-sized companies and its structure is similar to the GbR. In order to establish an oHG company, a minimum of two partners is required and a partnership agreement is drawn up and this is done in writing. These partners are jointly and severally responsible for future debts that the company may incur.
This type of partnership is the most common for small and medium-sized companies and its structure is similar to the GbR. In order to establish an oHG company, a minimum of two partners is required and a partnership agreement is drawn up and this is done in writing. These partners are jointly and severally responsible for future debts that the company may incur.
This type of company is related to oHG, but with the option of limiting the liability of some of the partners. It is also suitable for small and medium-sized companies looking for start-up capital but wishing to limit individual liability. A minimum of two partners is required in it, these being designated as a general partner (individual without limitation on liability) and limited partner (individuals with liability limited to their share in the company's capital).
A KG offers more flexibility compared to other partnership alternatives as capital can be increased by including more limited partners. This type is established after the partnership agreement has been signed and the partnership has been entered in either the Commercial Register or the Local Commerce office.
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A GmbH & Co.KG é adequada para empreendedores que desejam limitar as suas responsabilidades enquanto desfrutam da flexibilidade de um negócio não incorporada sendo recomendado para empresas de médio porte ou empresas familiares.
Esta empresa é estabelecida através de um acordo de parceria entre o parceiro geral e os parceiros limitados sendo que este deve ir juntamente com a inscrição no Registo Comercial e no escritório comercial local.
autonomous subsidiary
Este tipo de empresa depende a nível interno da empresa na sede, mas as suas atividades comerciais são decorridas independentemente. No entanto, a sede é responsável pelas transações comerciais concluídas pela empresa.
At an organizational level, these subsidiaries are independent of the head office, having certain attributes such as free management according to their judgment, own capital and bank account resources, separate accounting, among others.
At an organizational level, these subsidiaries are independent of the head office, having certain attributes such as free management according to their judgment, own capital and bank account resources, separate accounting, among others.
The application for registration in the commercial register must include detailed information about the foreign company and, in general, be accompanied by a certified copy of an extract from the commercial register that proves the existence of the foreign company and the power of representation of the director and the board of directors. , as well as memoranda and articles of association. All documents must be in certified German translation and the notary's certificate must be authenticated.
Due to harmonized EU law, the documentation effort for European companies is quite simple. For non-European companies, the exact details may be extensive depending on the foreign company's residency. The application must be certified and presented by a notary.
Finally, this must be registered at the commercial office before commercial operations can begin. Generally, a business license or permission is not required to register the business. Only for some business sectors, a permit or authorization may be required. Trade office registration must be filed at the start of business at the latest.
branch dependent
It is a subordinate department of the central company and does not have any autonomy, focusing only on maintaining contacts and starting business in Germany. It performs tasks related to support and implementation without having any individual commercial criteria and is totally dependent on the head office of the company in question.
It is a subordinate department of the central company and does not have any autonomy, focusing only on maintaining contacts and starting business in Germany. It performs tasks related to support and implementation without having any individual commercial criteria and is totally dependent on the head office of the company in question.
